What Is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye condition and one of the leading causes of vision loss in adults over the age of 50. It affects the macula, the central portion of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision used for activities like reading, driving, and recognizing faces. Understanding what AMD is, how it progresses, and why regular medical eye exams are essential can help protect your long-term vision.

How Age-Related Macular Degeneration Affects Vision

The macula plays a crucial role in central vision. When AMD damages this area, vision may become blurry, distorted, or dim in the center, while peripheral vision often remains intact. Many people first notice difficulty reading fine print, seeing straight lines clearly, or adjusting to low-light environments. Because AMD can develop gradually, early changes may be subtle and easy to miss without a comprehensive eye exam.

Types of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

There are two main types of AMD, each with different characteristics and progression patterns.

Dry (Atrophic) AMD: Dry AMD is the most common form and develops slowly over time. It occurs when the macula thins and small protein deposits called drusen accumulate beneath the retina. Vision changes may be mild at first but can worsen as the condition progresses.
Wet (Neovascular) AMD: Wet AMD is less common but more severe. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and leak fluid or blood, leading to rapid and significant vision loss. Early detection is especially critical with wet AMD, as prompt treatment can help preserve vision.

Risk Factors for AMD

Several factors increase the likelihood of developing age-related macular degeneration, including:

Age 50 and older
Family history of AMD
Smoking
High blood pressure or cardiovascular disease
Prolonged sun exposure without eye protection
Poor diet lacking in leafy greens and antioxidants

While some risk factors cannot be controlled, others can be managed with lifestyle changes and regular medical eye care.

The Importance of Regular Medical Eye Exams

One of the most important steps in managing AMD is early detection through routine medical eye exams. AMD often begins without noticeable symptoms, especially in its early stages. A comprehensive exam allows your eye doctor to detect subtle retinal changes before vision loss occurs.

At Kibo Eyecare, medical eye exams may include advanced retinal imaging and dilation to thoroughly evaluate the health of your macula. If AMD is detected, early intervention and monitoring can help slow progression and protect your remaining vision.

Managing and Monitoring AMD

While there is currently no cure for AMD, there are effective strategies to manage the condition and reduce the risk of progression. These may include:

Lifestyle modifications such as quitting smoking and improving diet
Nutritional supplements recommended for certain stages of AMD
Ongoing monitoring with scheduled eye exams
Advanced treatments for wet AMD when necessary

Your eye doctor will create a personalized care plan based on the type and stage of AMD you have.

Stay Ahead of AMD With Kibo Eyecare

Age-related macular degeneration is a serious eye condition that can affect independence and quality of life, but early detection makes a meaningful difference. Understanding the signs, risk factors, and importance of regular medical eye exams empowers you to take proactive steps toward protecting your vision.

If you are over 50 or have risk factors for age-related macular degeneration, contact Kibo Eyecare to schedule an eye exam and take an important step toward preserving your vision. Visit our office in Glastonbury, Connecticut or call (860) 659-5900 to book an appointment today.